How can I identify lead-based paint?

In older structures built before 1970, lead-based paint is commonly found on window frames, doors, skirting boards, kitchen and bathroom cupboards, exterior walls, gutters, metal surfaces, and fascias. Sometimes, it may be concealed under more recent layers of paint, posing a workplace health and safety concern when it deteriorates or during paint removal.

To determine the presence of lead-based paint:

• Test surfaces and layers to be removed using a test kit available from select paint manufacturers.
• Follow the kit's instructions carefully.
• Note that test kits may yield false results; if negative, consider age and assume lead-based paint presence or conduct lab testing for accuracy.
• Accredited laboratories listed by the National Association of Testing Authorities can provide precise lead analysis.

Alternatives to paint removal:

• Painting over lead-based paint, but only if surfaces are in good condition.
• Covering lead-based paint on exterior surfaces with durable materials.
• Applying durable materials to internal surfaces to prevent tearing, chipping, or peeling.

Safe removal methods and controls:

• Wet scraping, with precautions like wearing a half-face respirator and using a raised-edge plastic drop sheet.
• Chemical strippers, with protective gear and proper ventilation.
• Wet hand sanding, involving a half-face respirator, raised-edge plastic drop sheet, and careful surface washing.
• Low-temperature heat processes, with measures to avoid lead fume production.
• Dry power sanding with HEPA vacuum attachment, with proper training and setup.

Setting up the site:

• For exterior work, cover ground and vegetation, and advise neighbors to close windows and doors.
• For interior work, remove furniture and belongings, cover the floor with disposable plastic sheeting, and seal openings.

Cleaning the site:

• Remain in protective clothing during cleaning.
• Vacuum surfaces with a HEPA-filtered commercial vacuum cleaner.
• Wet-clean hard surfaces using a carpet steam cleaner or wet mopping.
• Dispose of debris in tough plastic bags and clean tools with appropriate solutions.
• Vacuum dry surfaces and dampen outside areas to avoid spreading lead dust.

Disposing of lead-contaminated waste:

• Seal lead-containing debris in heavy-duty plastic bags.
• Securely seal containers with lead-contaminated water.
• Provide short-term secure storage before transportation to waste systems.
• Check with the local council for proper waste disposal procedures, covering bulky items during transport.