As a worker exposed to the sun, the risk of overexposure to ultraviolet radiation (UVR), particularly in Queensland, is a concern. Continuous exposure to UVR can result in immediate sunburn and, in the long term, may lead to skin cancer and eye damage.
Understanding UVR: Ultraviolet radiation, originating from the sun, is unseen and unfelt. Skin damage begins when the UV index reaches three or above, even on cool and cloudy days as UVR penetrates clouds. It can also pass through loosely woven clothing and reflect off surfaces like metal, concrete, and water.
Risks of UVR: Overexposure to UVR can lead to various issues, including sunburn, sunspots, and different types of skin cancer:
- Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC): The most common and least dangerous, appearing as a lump or scaly area.
- Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC): Less common than BCC, it can spread if untreated.
- Melanoma: The most dangerous type, characterized by changes in existing spots, freckles, or moles. If untreated, it can spread to other parts of the body.
Managing Risks: Given Queensland's status as having the world's highest skin cancer rate, effective sun exposure management is crucial. Collaborative efforts between workers and management can establish a sun-safe environment, benefiting everyone involved.
For Workers: To avoid overexposure to UVR, especially between 10 am and 3 pm, consider staying out of direct sunlight. If outdoor work is necessary, take proactive measures to protect yourself.
Creating a sun-safe workplace involves collective responsibility, ensuring the well-being of all. Workers and management can actively participate in reducing the risks of skin cancer, making the workplace a safer environment for everyone. For more information on establishing a safe work environment, additional resources are available.
Sun Safety: As a worker exposed to the sun, it's essential to understand the risks associated with ultraviolet radiation (UVR) and take proactive measures to stay protected.
Clothing Choices: Not all clothing offers protection against UVR. Opt for dark-colored, tightly woven fabrics with long sleeves, long trousers, and a collar. Choose fabrics with a high Ultraviolet Protection Factor (UPF), as outlined in the Australian/New Zealand Standard 4399:2017.
Hat Selection: Select a hat with a close weave, broad brim (10-12 cm), and a rear flap to shield both your face and neck. If a hardhat is required, ensure it has an added flap and/or brim. Avoid hats with white lining as they may reflect UVR.
Sunglasses: Opt for wrap-around sunglasses conforming to AS/NZS 1067:2003 to reduce UVR entering from the sides. Check for UV protection ratings or an Eye Protection Factor (EPF) scale (1-10). Sunglasses with an EPF of 9 or 10 offer optimal protection. Tinted safety glasses are recommended for outdoor use.
Sunscreen Application: Sunscreen serves as a final defense. Choose SPF 30+ or higher, broad-spectrum, and water-resistant formulations. Ensure it's within the expiry date, stored appropriately, and easily accessible. Apply liberally to exposed skin, reapply every two hours, and use zinc cream for lips, ears, and nose. Consider gel-based or alcohol-based sunscreen when handling tools.
Skin Checks: Regularly inspect your skin for changes in shape, color, or size of freckles, moles, or spots. Early detection is crucial for effective treatment. Seek medical advice if concerned about changes to your skin.
For Businesses: For employers or those conducting a business, adhering to the Work Health and Safety Act 2011 is paramount. Implementing a risk management approach is crucial, following a four-step process:
- Identify Hazards: Periodically assess workers' exposure to UVR, work systems, and local UV forecasts.
- Assess Risks: Engage workers to gather insights on sun-related incidents, exposure, current protective measures, and their effectiveness.
- Control Risks: Collaborate with workers to minimize risks. Consider engineering controls, administrative measures, and personal protective equipment (PPE) based on the hierarchy of control measures.
- Review Controls: Regularly review control measures, especially when changes occur or workers indicate a need for reassessment.
Creating a sun-safe work environment involves continuous efforts to protect workers from the risks associated with sun exposure. For more detailed information, refer to Cancer Council’s SunSmart at work resource.